Robotics paper index
Beyond Policy Patches: Distilling RL Specialists into Vision-Language-Action Policies
One-line summary
A robotics research paper on Beyond Policy Patches: Distilling RL Specialists into Vision-Language-Action Policies.
Engineering notes
Engineering notes will be added by the Robot Papers editorial team.
Chinese explanation / 中文解读
中文解读待补充：本站会优先为 VLA、具身智能、人形机器人控制、机器人操作等高价值论文补充中文说明。
Original abstract
Vision-language-action (VLA) policies can handle noncritical stages of long-horizon manipulation yet fail during short precision-critical phases. Lightweight reinforcement learning (RL) specialists can address these failures without directly applying RL to the full VLA, but retain auxiliary controllers and switching mechanisms at deployment. We study how to transfer their capabilities into a single flow-matching VLA. Direct imitation of specialist rollouts can reproduce action jitter and leave the VLA unprepared for states encountered during its own execution. We introduce REPAIR, a value-guided distillation framework that combines offline initialization with on-policy refinement. At each critical-phase observation, REPAIR queries the corresponding specialist for multiple action candidates and weights them using its critic to construct a supervision distribution. A shared weighted flow-matching objective trains the VLA first on observations from specialist-assisted rollouts, then on observations collected through its own execution. Specialists provide supervision without taking control during on-policy collection and are removed at deployment. Across six real-robot tasks with 30 evaluation trials per task, REPAIR achieves 100% success on all six tasks, with lower mean end-effector jerk than specialist-assisted execution on every task.
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